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《仿生科学与工程专业英语》教材以仿生学原理及其多学科应用方向为基础，参考国外原版课程素材和 高水平学术期刊论文，系统介绍仿生相关学会组织与机构、仿生设计原则与方法、运动仿生学、仿生材料、仿生机械、仿生健康和仿生智能等内容。本教材面向 建设现代化教育强国的战略需求，落实立德树人根本任务，通过提高仿生科学与工程专业领域的语言知识水平及综合运用能力，强化提升学生的 视野和综合素养，培养学生成为我国强有力参与仿生科技领域 事务与 竞争、建设现代化科技强国的 人才。

本教材不仅适用于仿生科学与工程专业本科生教学，也可作为该专业硕博研究生专业英语的参考用书，还可作为材料科学与工程、机械设计、人工智能等多学科专业英语教学和自学参考用书。

Chapter 1 Introduction1

1.1 Features of English for Special Purposes1

1.2 Introduction to Bionics1

1.2.1 Learning from Nature2

1.2.2 Terms and Definiti***4

1.3 Professional Organizati***Instituti***5

1.3.1 The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education) of Jilin University (KLBE)6

1.3.2 The International Society of Bionic Engineering (I***E)6

1.3.3 Bionics International (BIN)7

1.3.4 The Laboratory of Bionics Engineering of the University of Seville (LBE)8

1.3.5 The Bionics Engineering Lab of the University of Utah (BEL)8

1.3.6 The Center for Extreme Bionics (CEB)8

1.3.7 Biomimicry Institute (BI)9

1.3.8 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)9

Key vocabularies10

Exercises11

Chapter 2 Fundamentals and Principles of Bionics13

2.1 Two Strategic Approaches of Bionics13

2.2 Design Paradigms15

2.2.1 Problem-Driven BID16

2.2.2 Solution-Driven BID19

2.2.3 Biomimicry23

Key vocabularies25

Exercises27

Chapter 3 Enhance the Success of Biomimetic Programs29

3.1 Biomimetic Approaches to Engineering Designs May be Suboptimal30

3.2 Cases of Evaluation of Bionic Design30

3.2.1 Designing Reversible Adhesives Based on Gecko Toe Pads30

3.2.2 Development of High Performance Materials Based on Spider Dragline Silk34

3.2.3 Worms Show Way to Efficiently Move Soil37

3.3 Pathway to Enhanced Outcomes39

3.3.1 Specification of the Target Function(s)39

3.3.2 Choice of Model40

3.3.3 Extraction of Working Principles40

3.3.4 Designing Prototypes42

3.3.5 Testing Prototypes42

Key vocabularies42

Exercises44

Chapter 4 Biomimetics of Motion47

4.1 Biomimics for Adaptivity47

4.1.1 Micro and Macro47

4.1.2 Adaptivity through Disassembly48

4.1.3 Adaptivity through Motion49

4.2 Motion versus Change49

4.2.1 Motion as Change on a Specific Time-scale49

4.2.2 Tropic and Nastic Movements50

4.2.3 Locomotion51

4.3 Case Studies of Motion in Nature53

4.3.1 Plants and Seeds53

4.3.2 Soft-Bodied Systems60

4.3.3 Rigid Systems67

Key vocabularies73

Exercises78

Chapter 5 Bioinspired Materials81

5.1 Background81

5.1.1 Box 1 | Essentials of mechanical properties83

5.1.2 Box 2 | Common design motifs of natural structural materials87

5.2 Structure and Properties of Natural Materials89

5.3 Methods of Processing Hierarchical Materials95

5.4 Looking Ahead99

Key vocabularies102

Exercises106

Chapter 6 Bioinspired Robots109

6.1 Bioinspired Morphologies110

6.2 Bioinspired Sensors112

6.2.1 Vision112

6.2.2 Audition114

6.2.3 Touch115

6.2.4 Smell116

6.2.5 Taste117

6.3 Bioinspired Actuators117

*** Bioinspired Control Architectures124

***.1 Behavior-based Robotics124

***.2 Learning Robotics124

Key vocabularies126

Exercises130

Chapter 7 Artificial Intelligence131

7.1 Introduction to AI131

7.2 Achieving AI135

7.3 Machine Learning136

7.3.1 Supervised Learning137

7.3.2 Unsupervised Learning139

7.3.3 Semi Supervised Learning140

7.3.4 Reinforcement Learning141

7.4 Challenges for AI144

7.5 Application Areas of AI145

7.5.1 Robots and Telemedicine146

7.5.2 Education148

Key vocabularies149

Exercises150

References152

郭丽，吉林大学生物与农业工程学院教授，博士生导师，英国高等教育学会研究员。2011年在美国堪萨斯州立大学（Kansas State University）获得博士学位，2011年-2012年相继在美国堪萨斯州立大学和密西根州立大学（Michigan State University）从事博士后研究工作。主讲《农业机械化及其自动化专业英语》和《仿生科学与工程专业英语》等本科生课程；主讲《现代设计方法与创新思维》和《环境污染与仿生监测控制技术》等研究生课程，具有丰富教学经验。

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